ISSN 2959-6122 (Print) ISSN 2960-1304 (Online) Editor-in-chief: Murtaza Hussain （Xi'an Jiaotong University） Associate Editor: Zulqarnain Mushtaq （MIT-Global Scale） Editorial Board Members: Muhammad Idrees （Govt. College University Faisalabad） Wei He （Xi'an Jiaotong University） Welcome to the Journal of Arts, Culture and Language (JACL), a multidisciplinary platform dedicated to the exploration and celebration of human expression. In a world that is increasingly interconnected, understanding the nuances of how we communicate, create, and coexist is more vital than ever. JACL serves as a bridge between traditional scholarship and contemporary practice, providing a space where the global community can engage with the diverse tapestry of human heritage. The journal is designed to be an accessible yet rigorous resource for college students, musicians, artists, and linguists. We aim to foster a cross-pollination of ideas, where the rhythm of a musical composition is studied with the same depth as the syntax of a rare dialect or the historical significance of a folk art movement. What We Publish JACL features original research, critical essays, and peer-reviewed articles that span the globe. Our scope includes, but is not limited to: Visual & Performing Arts: From classical traditions to modern digital media and ethnomusicology. Cultural Studies: Examinations of multiculturalism, identity, and the preservation of indigenous heritage. Linguistics & Philology: Research into language evolution, sociolinguistics, and the role of translation in a globalized society. Interdisciplinary Works: Studies that explore the intersection of art and language, or how culture shapes linguistic expression. A Community of Scholars and Creators As a peer-reviewed publication, JACL ensures that every article meets a standard of academic integrity while remaining readable and relevant to practitioners in the field. Whether you are a student embarking on your first research project or a professional artist looking to ground your work in historical context, this journal offers a window into the vibrant world of global creativity. "To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture." — Frantz Fanon We invite you to join us in this ongoing dialogue as we document the ever-evolving landscape of arts, culture, and language. All articles will be submitted to: Google Scholar, Crossref, U.S. Librarian Database, ProQuest(part of Clarivate’s Web of Science), Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, SEMANTIC SCHOLAR, OpenAlex.
An Asylum Culture’s Heart: Two Sides of Otaku
Otaku were once the subject of contempt in the 1980s in Japan. However, societal turmoil in the 1990s drove deluded adults into the otaku culture, forming the core of avoidance, indulgence, and fear of reality that lasted until now, and otaku culture became the asylum placed between reality and virtuality. From the beginning, the purpose of the culture is to let otakus return to the reality, whose famous exemplification is Evangelion. Defined backward, anime culture refers to the consumptive side of otaku culture that originated from Evangelion, which offers a stimulation on otakus that drives them into field of creation. The “anime” referred here, therefore, can even include doujin works. Doujin culture, on the other hand, is where those. With the case study of Rayson, a musician, this essay demonstrates how doujin creators are able to walk out of their distress. However, just like any other cure, it may not be effective to every people and may have some side effects that is not yet fully understood, but one should not ignore that doujin is a prominent phenomenon where people are rescuing themselves (or being rescued) using creativity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arts, Culture and Language
A Study of Development Strategies for Suspense Movies Remakes
Nowadays, suspense movies are becoming more and more popular among the audience. This paper primarily focuses on examining the strategies for adapting suspense movies in Chinese cultural contexts. The process of remaking suspense films involves intricate choices that respect the original work’s atmosphere while catering to the cultural preferences of a new audience. Since the successful adaptation of suspense films requires a deep understanding of both the source material and the local culture, it’s necessary to analyze the important elements suspense movie remakes need to include and combine them with real examples. Through detailed investigations, this study identifies that a suspense film remake’s success is often closely linked with its cultural adaptation efforts. The research findings underscore the importance of integrating local cultural elements, such as location choices and character development, to enhance audience engagement and preserve the story’s suspenseful essence. This study highlights the creative and immersive nature of suspense film adaptations. The insights gained from this research can provide valuable guidance for filmmakers and producers, helping them make informed decisions to support the growth of both the suspense film remake industry and cross-cultural storytelling. Overall, this study emphasizes various existing articles and examples and extracts the key factors out of these examples.
Celeste Ng in Conversation with Maxine Hong Kingston: Intergenerational Trauma and the Asian American Experience in Everything I Never Told You.
This paper delves into the representation of intergenerational trauma within Asian American literature, focusing on Celeste Ng’s Everything I Never Told You, Maxine Hong Kingston’s The Woman Warrior, and the critiques by Viet Thanh Nguyen. Ng’s work is analyzed for its nuanced portrayal of trauma as an intrinsic part of the Asian American experience, distinguishing it from earlier works that, as Nguyen argues, tend to conform to the “model minority” stereotype. The paper examines Ng’s sensitive unpacking of trauma, particularly its non-punctual, systemic nature, and its intergenerational transmission, especially in parent-child relationships. Additionally, it contrasts Ng’s approach with Kingston’s, exploring how trauma in The Woman Warrior is masked by cultural reinterpretation and the desire to please dominant Western narratives. By employing the theories of Cathy Caruth, Naomi Mandel, and Greg Forter, the essay argues that Ng repositions trauma as a core theme in Asian American literature, filling a significant gap left by previous works and redefining the narrative of Asian American identity and heritage.
Reverse Transfer in Chinese Adolescents: Implications for Language and Cultural Identity Preservation
This literature review examines the phenomenon of reverse transfer (RT) among Chinese adolescents, focusing on its implications for the preservation of their mother tongue and cultural identity. Reverse transfer, a subtype of crosslinguistic influence (CLI), occurs when a later-acquired language affects an earlier one, challenging the traditional view of language learning as unidirectional. The study of RT is particularly pertinent for Chinese adolescents, who are often exposed to multiple languages due to globalization and educational policies, potentially impacting their linguistic and cultural heritage. This article employs the method of a formal literature review. The review synthesizes recent research on RT among Chinese adolescents, with a focus on how additional languages, particularly English, influence their Mandarin proficiency. Findings suggest English has had a significant impact on the mother tongue of Chinese adolescents. Moreover, RT’s impact extends to cultural identity, with some adolescents navigating multicultural spaces effectively, while others experience cultural dissonance, suggesting RT’s role in shaping cultural self-perception and connections to Chinese heritage. The paper underscores the complexity of RT’s effects on language and cultural identity, highlighting the need for educational practices that support multilingual development without compromising the mother tongue. It concludes with a call for longitudinal studies to explore the long-term effects of RT on language and cultural identity among Chinese adolescents, aiming to inform language education and cultural preservation policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arts, Culture and Language
Divided Deterrence: The Philosophical Community’s Response to Nuclear Warfare in 1980s
This paper investigates the varied reaction of the Western analytic philosophical community to the ethical quandaries created by nuclear deterrence throughout the Cold War era, notably in the 1980s. It covers the important disputes during the 1984 Aspen Institute Conference, with an emphasis on philosophical differences between Jan Narveson and Jeff McMahan. The study also addresses Leslie Stevenson’s nuanced stance, which was delivered outside the meeting. By evaluating these philosophical conversations, the article emphasizes the larger ethical issues of nuclear weapons and the importance of serious moral deliberation in dealing with global dangers. A historical assessment of these disputes illustrates the constant difficulties in reaching an agreement on the ethical use of nuclear deterrence, acting as a reminder of the continued need for philosophical direction in contemporary global issues.
A Comparative Analysis of Dance Movement Therapy Education Policy and Practice: A Case Study of the United Kingdom and Australia
This study compares the role of art therapy in addressing mental health challenges and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the United Kingdom, Australia, and China. It highlights the growing importance of art therapy in educational curricula, emphasizing its role in equipping adolescents with essential tools to navigate societal demands and reduce mental health risks. The study contrasts the status of dance therapy in these nations and aims to provide insights for improving the integration of art therapy into China’s education system.
The Impact of Foster Care on Child Development: The Role of Sibling Separation
This paper explores the impact of sibling relationships on children’s development within the foster care system, focusing particularly on how sibling separation affects children of different ages emotionally, cognitively, and socially. To address this, the study synthesizes existing literature and theoretical models by combining the developmental stages of children with the role of siblings in child development. Findings reveal that sibling separation at different ages leads to distinct developmental challenges: infants experience severe disruptions in attachment and emotional regulation, middle childhood separations hinder cognitive and social skills development, and adolescent separations result in long-term relational and identity challenges. Previous research underscores the importance of maintaining sibling bonds in foster care, highlighting that these relationships can provide crucial emotional support and stability, mitigating the adverse effects of family disruptions. This study emphasizes the necessity for age-appropriate actions and support services in foster care to minimize the detrimental impacts of sibling separation and promote healthy development. Additionally, it calls for further longitudinal studies to track the developmental trajectories of children separated from their siblings and consider variables such as age differences between siblings and the dynamics of step-sibling relationships. This comprehensive understanding is essential for informing policies and practices that enhance the well-being of children in foster care.
“Bogus claim of jurisdiction” - Congressional opposition to the ICC in the 2000s
Despite helping develop the Rome Statute, when it came to signing the International Criminal Court (ICC), America stepped out. They argued that their forces were a major power in peacekeeping, and claimed to fear the indictment of their own servicemen. But was this really the case? By analyzing a meeting record between the Congress of Foreign Relations, this paper seeks to find the congressional opinion as to why they didn’t sign the ICC. In taking into account both conservative and democratic views, the meeting records reveal that America refused to sign the ICC because they believed the Court was unreliable and lacked civil rights, as opposed to fear of indictment.
Chinese Art’s Influence on Roger Fry’s Aesthetics Formalism
Roger Fry was one of the greatest art critics of the 20th century, who promoted the rise and development of the Western modern art movement and constructed a set of modern aesthetics formalism and art criticism theories, exerting a huge influence on modern art. Despite the formation of Fry’s aesthetics formalism cannot be separated from the background of the transformation of Western cultural traditions, the influx of Chinese art into the West at that time also had an impact on Fry’s aesthetics formalism. Fry extracted and reinterpreted from Chinese art, forming a distinctive formalist aesthetic theory. In Fry’s various works, the influence of Chinese classical aesthetics can be seen, such as blank space, rhythm, and emotional expression. The research will explore the correlation between Roger Fry’s aesthetic formalism theory and Chinese art. The study will analyze how Chinese art was introduced into the West and how Roger Fry was influenced by Chinese art. It will focus some particular elements like rhythm and blank space, explore how Fry reinterpreted them and applied to modern art criticism theory, using his work “Cézanne: A Study of His Development” as an example.
How did female members of the Ku Klux Klan think about gender in the United States?
This paper focuses on the members’ perspective toward gender issues inside the Women’s KKK party, mainly about their attitude toward gender equality. This paper will analyze two secondary and two primary sources to join the debate of whether women in the KKK want to be empowered or stay traditional. The analysis of the primary sources interrupts this debate by stating women in the KKK believe there is no distinction between the two sexes. The idea of doing this specific research is to show that women are fighting for equality and rights in different kinds of conditions, including in extremist groups.
How does the rights of homosexuals be influenced by sodomy laws in the 1960s and 1970s
The paper examines the fight for homosexual rights in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s, focusing on the significance of the abolition of sodomy laws and their impact on gay individuals. It highlights the cultural and legal context of the era, including the infamous Stonewall Riots of 1969, which sparked widespread activism. The essay delves into notable legal battles, such as Buchanan v. Batchelor, showcasing the efforts to challenge and repeal sodomy laws. Despite initial setbacks, these legal challenges laid the groundwork for future advancements in LGBTQ+ rights by establishing privacy rights as a constitutional issue. The period was crucial in setting the stage for further progress and the eventual dismantling of discriminatory laws against homosexuals.
Role of Economic Rights in the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action: What is missing in the discussion
This paper examines the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action (VDPA), adopted in 1993, as a pivotal document in the post-Cold War era that aimed to consolidate and reaffirm universal human rights principles. While the VDPA successfully highlighted the rights of marginalized groups such as women, children, indigenous people, and those with disabilities, it notably falls short in addressing economic rights. The paper argues that the VDPA’s lack of clear guidance on economic rights is a significant omission, especially given the economic upheavals of the 1990s, including high unemployment and the transition to market economies. Through an analysis of primary and secondary sources, the paper reveals that the VDPA’s failure to include detailed provisions for economic rights leaves a critical gap in the protection of individuals’ right to economic participation and well-being. The conclusion calls for a reorganization of human rights frameworks to include economic rights as essential for the realization of human dignity and equality.
Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action
The distinctions between Chinese and Western literature
In today’s globalization, the communication between Chinese and western literature is becoming more and more frequent, and the influence between them is also deepening. However, although mixed in some aspects, Chinese and Western literature still maintains its own characteristics and charm. Through the discussion of the differences between Chinese and Western literature, we can better understand the diversity of different cultures, promote cross-cultural dialogue and understanding, and enrich the spiritual world of human beings. This paper discusses the differences between Chinese and Western literature in various aspects, including communication mode, communication medium, development time, cycle, content and core ideas. Through the combination of historical events and objective development laws, this paper explores the influence of literature on economic and political development. This paper discusses in detail the relationship between literature and national and social development and how various social factors affect literature development, both of which restrict each other and cooperate with each other.
Liberalism and Confucianism: Differences and similarities between the two educational models
In order to study the situation of education under different educational models, this article focuses on analysing the similarities and differences between the two different ideas in pedagogy (Confucianism and Liberalism), as well as the controversies encountered by the countries where they are practiced. In view of today’s research focusing on a single education model, and few studies systematically comparing the two education models, this article aims to analyze the development, characteristics, advantages and controversies of liberalism and Confucianism in education in the form of literature review. Moreover, it elaborates the differences between the two educational philosophies from the perspective of higher education for their pros and cons, and compare their similarities and differences from the perspective of educational goals. This article focuses on analyzing the literature review of the influence of different ideas in education in the past 10 years, as well as the views of the different parties involved. Ultimately, it was found that liberalism emphasises individual freedom, independent thinking and self-realisation, and that the aim of education is to cultivate independent individuals who are able to freely choose and pursue their own goals in life, with an emphasis on individual progress and personal achievement, a diversity of evaluation criteria, and a focus on creativity and independence (Thompson, 2017& Mautner, 2018); whereas Confucianism emphasises the cultivation of morality, social responsibility and harmony, and that the aim of education is to cultivate ethical and responsible social members and to promote harmony in the family, society and the State emphasises moral cultivation and social contribution, with evaluation criteria focusing on moral performance and contribution to society (Yao, 1999 & Tan, 2017).
Affective Filter Hypothesis and Second Language acquisition: A study on anxiety levels in the dictation part of TEM-4
The Affective Filter Hypothesis is a cornerstone of second language acquisition (SLA) theory. This hypothesis explores the influence of emotional factors on language learning, particularly the role of emotional states such as anxiety, motivation, and self-confidence in the process of language input. This work investigates the applicability of the Affective Filter Hypothesis in the context of the Dictation section of the Test for English Majors, Band 4 (TEM-4). To explore the impact of emotional factors, especially anxiety levels, on performance in the Dictation section of the TEM-4, a mixed-methods approach was employed in this paper. Participants underwent an anxiety level test and a simulated dictation test to establish baseline data. The results indicated that the overall performance trend of the low-anxiety group was higher than that of the high-anxiety group. This outcome suggests that learners with low anxiety level performed better in TEM-4 dictation than learners with high anxiety level.
Traditional Genes and Modern Translation: A Comparative Study of Innovative Practices in Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Context of the “Double Helix Model”
This paper aims to explore modern approaches to “revitalizing” intangible cultural heritage. Starting from the reflections triggered by watching the anime “Demon Slayer,” the study notes that Japan has successfully transformed its traditional culture into global trends, while the dissemination of China’s intangible cultural heritage faces significant challenges. To address this issue, the paper proposes a “Cultural Revitalization Double Helix Model,” which suggests that the modernization of intangible cultural heritage requires the interweaving and synergistic interaction of “traditional genes” and “modern expressions.” By comparing Issey Miyake’s “philosophical breakthrough” innovations, Bosideng’s approaches to refining craftsmanship, and Chanel’s use of symbolic elements, the study reveals hierarchical differences in the innovation of intangible cultural heritage. Ultimately, it proposes systematic strategies across four dimensions—narrative, design, experience, and industry—aimed at helping China’s intangible cultural heritage find a path for transformation that is rooted in tradition while integrating into contemporary life.
The Operating System of Civilization: Primitive Codes in Dance, Pottery, and Architecture
This paper explores the encoding of deep structures within human civilization, proposing dance, pottery, and architecture as three primordial “hardwares” that carry and execute its core logic. It argues that the Chinese, Indian, and Greco-Western civilizational systems respectively developed the core programs of Integration, Connection, and Rationality. These programs are not abstract concepts but are materially embodied in bodily rituals, solidified symbols, and spatial order. Anchoring the analysis in realworld observations from cultural reports such as The New York Times, this paper examines specific cases including the Chinese dance drama Confucius, Indian Odissi dance, and the Greek Parthenon. It demonstrates how the genes of civilization are expressed, stored, and asserted as power through these vessels. Ultimately, it concludes that understanding these ancient operating systems is not for worshipping the past, but for gaining the agency to edit the future and rewrite civilizational code for a more inclusive age.
Uncovering the Story of Chaoxianzu Resilience: the Korean Minority in China under Mao
A researcher studying the first Korean immigrants to China in the 1800s might have reasonably concluded that the immigrants would not survive for long. Immigrant cultures were often assimilated into the dominant Han Chinese majority, or even completely destroyed. Many earlier Korean immigrants faced the same fate, getting absorbed into larger ethnic groups in North China. However, the Korean immigrants defied this cycle and became an outstanding example of resilience, adapting and surviving the changing political environment of Mao’s China (1949-1976). Moreover, there are 55 minority ethnicities in China, most of which have peaceful relations with the Han majority and the government. Yet Mao singled out the Korean immigrants as the state’s model for all other minority groups—a model minority. This raises the question: what made the Korean Chinese population so special? There are varying names for this minority: some sources refer to the group simply as “Korean Chinese,” yet others refer to the community as the “Chaoxianzu,” or “Joseonjok.” Despite the romanization differences between the Chinese (Chaoxianzu) and Korean (Joseonjok) terms, both phrases signify “the People of Joseon,” distinctly identifying the origins of these people as Ancient Korea. This essay will refer to the community as the Chaoxianzu to celebrate their impressive resilience in adapting to their surroundings while maintaining their rich Korean culture to survive the changing political climate of China.
Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture (YKAP)
A Comparative Study of the I-novel and Personalized Writing from the Perspective of Female Body Narrative: Centering on Private Life and Futon
In recent years, female body narrative has emerged as a significant critical perspective for examining the relationship between gender and literary expression. Both personalized writing in Chinese literature and the Japanese I-novel emphasize realism and the depiction of individual inner experience, making them particularly suitable for comparative research on representations of the female body. This paper focuses on Private Life by Chen Ran and Futon by Tayama Katai, conducting a comparative textual analysis from the perspective of female body narrative. By examining narrative perspective, modes of bodily representation, and their cultural implications, this study explores both the divergences and convergences between personalized writing and the I-novel. The analysis demonstrates that personalized writing enables women to articulate bodily experience directly through first-person narration, foregrounding a critical awareness of patriarchal structures. In contrast, within the I-novel, the female body primarily functions as a symbolic projection of the male narrator’s inner world. This study aims to contribute a new comparative perspective to research on female body narratives in Chinese and Japanese literature.
Writing Man as Woman-The Gender Construction of You Ruilang in A Male Mencius’s Mother
A Male Mencius’s Mother is a Storytelling Script Fiction written by Li Yu, who is a dramatist and novelist in the Qing Dynasty,and it is included in the Silent Operas. The fiction mainly tells the romantic relationship between You Ruilang and Xu Jifang, alongside You Ruilang’s nurturing of Xu Chengxian akin to a mother figure.You Ruilang emerges as a distinctive character characterized by a blend of male biological sex and pronounced female social and biological traits within the text.While existing analyses predominantly concentrate on character depiction and plot progression, overlooking the structural elements of the Storytelling Script Fiction and the author’s narrative influence.This paper examines Li Yu’s gender construction of You Ruilang through narrative intervention, story structure, and textual content, highlighting how Li Yu crafts this character akin to his female characters.
A Comparative Analysis of Tragic Prototypes in Chinese and Western Disaster Myths: Taking Gun’s Efforts in Flood Control and Prometheus’ Act of Stealing Fire as Examples
In ancient times, prior to the establishment of written records, early civilizations often relied on oral narratives to cope with frequent yet inexplicable natural disasters. The resulting disaster myths underwent continuous evolution yet eventually crystallized through intergenerational transmission and evolved into a distinct form of collective identity endowed with unique ethnic traits. This paper focuses on the types of natural disasters in mythological narratives, selecting two classic mythological tragedies—Gun’s attempt to tame the floods and Prometheus’ theft of fire—with the aim of comparing the differences between Chinese and Western myths through dimensions such as mythological settings, central figures, and underlying logic, and thereby exploring how national myths articulate distinctive cultural features. By comparing the typical cases of disaster deepening tragedies in China and the West, it can not only help us gain insight into the profound differences between different cultures, but also provide a feasible approach for modern people to solve the problem of disaster response, and even play an important role in the process of continuing the collective memory and cultural genes of the nation.
This essay explores Jean-Paul Sartre’s idea of radical freedom and the criticism that his philosophy places too heavy a weight of responsibility on human beings. Starting with Sartre’s contention that existence precedes essence, it considers how his ontology of freedom insists on radical self-determining in a universe without divine or natural assurances. But critics say this requirement makes life unbearably solitary and morally absolutist. The essay rereads the accusation of bad faith through Sartre’s model for it and argues that its protest responsibility is a masked form of refusal to confront one’s freedom. It goes on to examine the modifications brought by Simone de Beauvoir’s concept of situated freedom and Sartre’s own subsequent formulation in Critique of Dialectical Reason, which conceives freedom within historical and social totalities. Finally, the essay maintains that the “burden” of responsibility is not an ethical excess or a failure of abstraction, but constitutive of human existence as such: an ontological necessity enabling both authenticity and dignity and moral creativity.
The Sociocultural Influence of British and American Accents on English Teaching in China: Identity Formation and Teaching Implications
In China, English is the principal foreign language for studying, working, and communicating abroad. In this context, both British and American accents have become symbols of language and culture, influencing learners and teachers’ understanding of English. Based on a review of literature and educational practices, this study explores the historical development and social functions of Standard Pronunciation (RP) and General English (GA) in the United States, as well as their impact on the construction of learner identity in Chinese English education. The results show that RP is typically seen as prestige and authority, whereas GA is associated with accessibility and practicality. Learners show their tendency through accent choice. But in some classes, exam-oriented teaching, inconsistent teacher’s accent, and bias against different accents hinder education. In response, this study proposes pedagogical approaches that value accent diversity, prioritize intelligibility, and support identity development. By analyzing accents, authentic interaction, and intercultural exchanges, students can develop linguistic adaptability and intercultural competence and at the same time reinforce their cultural identity and sense of belonging.
The Theory of Humanistic Spirit Contained in Historical Records
This paper studies the profound humanistic system constructed in Historical Records, by Sima Qian. Through the combination of text reading and theoretical interpretation, examples and ideological analysis, the following four care dimensions are discussed: the individual value of human and the analysis of the unique status of human in history; The integration of the concept of the times morality, ethics and historical evaluation shows the internal relationship of humanities in society; the philosophy of the indomitable spirit of human; The sublimation of individual value, from the world to the understanding and pursuit of the mission consciousness of cultural heritage. This article argues that the theory of humanistic spirit in Historical Records, by Sima Qian’s a system with rich levels and contents, which takes respect for individuals as its starting point, social construction as its link, and praises the system of fighting bravely for fate and pursuing mission. This system is a great historiography masterpiece that inherits the ancient but has pioneering significance and lays the foundation for the humanistic tradition of Chinese historiography in later generations. It is also the spiritual source of cultivating the spirit of the contemporary people, and has important enlightenment value with personal face, world connection and responsibility burden.
Political Metaphors in the Representation of Strategists: Fan Li and Zhang Liang in Shiji and Zizhi Tongjian
Against the backdrop of traditional Chinese historiography,figures such as Fan Li and Zhang Liang have long been regarded as emblematic strategists whose careers embody the tension between political authority,ethical judgment,and personal withdrawal. This paper focuses on their representations in Sima Qian’s Shiji and Sima Guang’s Zizhi Tongjian ,with the aim of revealing how two eminent historians constructed these characters to serve distinct historiographical purposes. Employing a comparative textual analysis,the study examines narrative strategies,thematic emphases,and contextual differences between the two works. The findings indicate that Sima Qian highlights the complexity of early Han political ecology,presenting Fan Li and Zhang Liang as figures negotiating between power,cunning,and moral ambiguity,whereas Sima Guang reshapes them within a didactic framework aligned with his moral and political agenda for governance. The study concludes that these divergent portrayals not only illuminate the contrasting historical consciousness and value orientations but also demonstrate the broader role of biographical writing in articulating historiographical intent within the Chinese intellectual tradition.
The Expression of Female Artists in Intimate Relationships: Marina Abramović’s Expression of Female Emotions in Performance Art.
Close relationships play an important role in meeting people’s needs for emotional support, security and belonging. The theory of interdependence states that individuals unconsciously give in relationships to satisfy their partner’s needs, and that this giving is in line with their inner self-awareness, which in turn increases their satisfaction with the relationship. However, this interdependence may also lead people to unconsciously seek more attention and emotional value from their partners. This article discusses why female artists regard the intimate relationship of their partners as the core of their artistic creation, and think that the intimate relationship is an important part of their lives, reflecting their personal life experiences. Women artists explore these relationships to express their identity, emotions, and social roles. In addition, female artists tend to create through emotional and direct means, and intimate relationships provide them with rich emotional materials, such as love, pain and desire, and other emotional elements, allowing them to tap into the complexity of human emotions. Taking Roman Abramovich as an example, this performance artist, who works from a female perspective, breaks with traditional artistic perceptions by using the body as a medium and combining the experience of emotional life, the mother of performance art in the 20th century. Her work reflects the unique experience and energy of women and the profound influence of intimate relationships in the creation of art.
Copyright (c) 2024 Arts, Culture and Language
A study of drama translation from the perspective of feminist translation -- A case study of The Romance of the Western Bower.
The theory of female translation originated from the western feminist movement. This theory regards translation as a political activity, pays more attention to the translator’s subjectivity and creativity in the process of translation, and tries to promote the spread of feminism through translation. This paper explores the specific application and limitations of feminist translation theory in practice through the study of the English translation of The Romance of the Western Bower(a classical Chinese literature written by Wang Shifu). According to comparative studies, female translators are generally more likely than male translators to pay attention to how female roles are portrayed in the target text and to use certain translation techniques to lessen the prejudice against female roles in the source text and attempt to balance out the gender differences. From the perspective of feminist translation theory, this paper also reveals the influence of the social background centered on male discourse power on women’s lives in ancient China.
Poetic Exploration Under the Changes of the Times: Taking Li Bai and Li He as Examples.
In the nearly 300 years of the Tang Dynasty, it is evident that while the poetry from different periods embodies a rich poetic culture, each era possesses unique expressions and artistic styles. Prominent among these are the distinctive styles of Li Bai, a poet from the Tang Dynasty, and Li He, a poet from the Middle Tang Dynasty. This article will compare and analyze the imagery, artistic conception, and writing techniques of two poems by these poets, aiming to explore their divergent artistic styles and uncover the emotional expressions and philosophical thoughts they convey. It will then delve into how these poets reflect the characteristics of their times in their works and how they respond to the changes of their eras through their own creations. Additionally, the article will focus on analyzing the historical contexts of the two poets and discuss how these contexts influenced their creative ideas and modes of expression. By discussing these differences, the article reveals the diversity inherent in the development of Tang Dynasty poetry, as well as the interplay between the shifts of the times and the creative output of poets.
The Research on Localization Strategies for Games.
With the superfluous development of the worldwide gaming market, game localization has become a main technic to enhance market competitiveness and expand international markets. As the research background of this paper, the author chose Monster Hunter: World, which is an action role-playing game developed and published by Capcom. It provides players with a challenging and enjoyable hunting experience through an open world design, deep combat and cultivation system, improved user interface, and multiplayer cooperative mode. This study deeply analyzes the relevant theories, principles, and processes of game localization, revealing the challenges and coping strategies faced in the localization process. Research suggests that language translation skills should focus on accuracy, fluency, and professionalism to ensure the accurate transmission of the game information. The cultural adaptation aspect emphasizes a deep learning of the audience culture, integration of local elements, and avoidance of cultural conflicts to upgrade the game’s affinity in the local market. In addition, user experience optimization aspects are another important part of improving localization effectiveness, including optimization of interface friendliness, game fluency, and community interaction. Through the case analysis of a well-known game localization practice, this study validates the effectiveness of the above strategies and proposes a comprehensive game localization strategy framework. This study not only enriches the theoretical achievements in the field of game localization, but also provides practical guidance for game developers on localization strategies and methods.
Analysis and Enlightenment of college English writing teaching in China and America.
In the era of globalization, English as a universal language, people pay more attention to English learning. English writing learning is a difficult problem for many English learners, both first and second language learners will encounter corresponding problems. However, the teaching of English writing in China and the United States is different for various reasons. Therefore, this paper first analyzes the current situation of contemporary Chinese and American English writing teaching, and draws out the main topic to be discussed, and analyzes the similarities and differences between Chinese and American English writing. Then it introduces the similarities and differences between China and the United States in the teaching of college students’ English writing, and studies and analyzes the causes of these similarities and differences and the reflections on cultural differences. Based on the above analysis, the author finally analyzes the similarities and differences in the teaching methods of English writing in China and the United States.