Assessment of the Pr os and Cons of Bioactive Glass Composites in the Repair of Dental Hard Tissues

Abstract

Bioactive glass (BAG), a bioactive material with excellent biocompatibility, has been increasingly utilized in the field of dental restoration. Along with the changes in clinical demands and the upgrading of preparation processes, the common types of BAG currently include nanobioactive glass, mesoporous bioactive glass, and bioactive glass composites, which show significant differences in mechanical strength, binding stability, preparation cost and bioactivity. This article compares the differences in physical properties, preparation methods, and functional activities among various bioactive glasses. We highlight the superior mechanical strength, drug-loading capacity, broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy, and pronounced tissue-regenerative capacity of each BAG variant across multiple dimensions. The results indicate that bioactive glass composites have obvious advantages in mechanical properties, degradation rate regulation, and remineralization promotion compared with other BAG materials. These findings aim to provide guidance for material selection in dental hard tissue remineralization and systematically summarize the functional similarities and differences among various BAGs, offering new ideas for the future development of bioactive glass composites with broader adaptability.