Optimization of Latency and Enhancement of Reliability in Air-Ground Data Links under Single-Pilot Operations Mode

Abstract

Air-ground data link serves as the critical technological foundation for enabling single-pilot operations. Consequently, optimizing its latency and enhancing reliability are paramount for improving flight safety and operational efficiency. This paper synthesizes recent advancements in optimization techniques for air-ground data links: deep learning-based channel estimation algorithms significantly improve aircraft communication capabilities in complex environments; Aircraft Condition Monitoring System (ACMS) facilitates real-time transmission of flight parameters and ground control instructions; and the Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) and Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract (ADS-C)centric architecture enables continuous state monitoring, thereby reducing operational risks. Reducing latency and improving stability in airground data links will profoundly and positively impact civil aviation safety and efficiency, unmanned aerial vehicle logistics, urban air mobility, as well as the development of low-altitude economy and intelligent industries. In the future, with the deep integration of new-generation communication technologies such as 5G-ATG and satellite internet, the performance of air-ground data links will witness a qualitative leap, laying a solid foundation for the full-scale intelligence of air transportation.